Barreiras atitudinais e formação docente: desafios de professoras/es na escolarização de estudantes com deficiência

Abstract

This master's thesis, linked to research line 3 "Practices and Training Processes of Educators for Inclusive Education" of the Professional Master's Program in Inclusive Education (Profei) and the Study and Research Group on Learning Processes (Gep- ProA), has the general objective of identifying ways to reduce attitudinal barriers in the schooling of elementary school students with disabilities in a municipal school in a state in the Brazilian Midwest. And with specific objectives: a) Identify and analyze how attitudinal barriers were understood by the research participants; b) Identify the attitudinal barriers experienced by teachers in the schooling of students with disabilities; c) Analyze the ways of confronting the attitudinal barriers experienced in the school; d) Develop informational material as an educational resource in an accessible format about existing attitudinal barriers and ways to confront them in the school context. It was approved by the Ethics Committee according to the Certificate of Presentation for Ethical Appraisal (CAAE) No. 80934924.3.0000. The research participants were 13 female teachers and one male teacher, all graduates in Pedagogy, working from the 1st to the 5th year of Elementary School at a municipal school in a state in the Midwest. For the sociological characterization of the participants such as age, gender, color/race, academic background, weekly work hours, and time spent in teaching, a questionnaire in Google Forms format was used. Two focus group meetings were also held to discuss topics such as attitudinal barriers, disabilities, and pedagogical work, as well as ways to reduce barriers in the schooling of students with disabilities. Based on the analysis of the collected data and the literature in the field of Inclusive Education, it was possible to identify that teachers understand the existence of attitudinal barriers among educators in the school environment and the importance of ongoing training as ways to reduce and eliminate these barriers, although they place part of the responsibility on families. After analyzing the data, an educational resource was developed in the form of an e-book, containing concepts such as school inclusion, attitudinal barriers, teacher training, challenges, and strategies to overcome attitudinal barriers to contribute to the reduction of attitudinal barriers in the schooling of students with disabilities.