Uma proposta de aplicação do ensino de termodinâmica no Ensino Fundamental I

Abstract

This research was developed in order to present a didactic sequence for the Elementary School teacher 1 in order to facilitate the understanding of the concepts of temperature and heat. The work was written based on the constructivist learning theories of David Ausubel on his theory of meaningful learning and Jean Piaget on his theory of cognitive development. A historical review of thermodynamics, was made, specifically the evolution of the concepts of temperature and heat, addressing its contribution to the development of global society. This proposal suggests a sequence of experimental classes to arouse the students' scientific and investigative interest, enabling the student to interpret and understand the physical phenomena of their daily lives. To demonstrate the relationship between kinetic energy of molecules in a gas confined in a container and their temperature, a manual molecule stirring and energy simulator was developed. Elementary students 1 can manipulate the simulator so that an energy relationship can be established by tapping on the simulator and the speed of movement of the Styrofoam balls inside the simulator.