Um retrato da alfabetização pelas páginas do Jornal da Alfabetizadora (1988-1996)

Abstract

This research presents studies in the area of History of Education, and it has the Literacy as main object, which is the initial stage of Elementary School when students should learn about reading and writing, among other contents. The question we intend to discuss concerns about the determinants that had contributed to the objectives of literacy non-fulfillment. Considering the relevance of the press for investigations in History of Education, we selected the educational periodical Jornal da Alfabetizadora as a primary source. This jornal circulated in the 1980s and 1990s and configurated the temporal cut of this research. The research is anchored in Dialectical Historical Materialism, therefore, it deals with the object according to its materiality. It has been organized by three different moments, which were built from the specific objectives and completed each other. The first moment presents the historical contextualization and the explores current data regarding literacy based on bibliographical and documentary research. The second moment deals with press outlookings as documentaries sources, as well as the exploitation of the jornal which is the primary source of the research. In the third moment we analyze the jornal ideological aspects. Because it was a periodical destined for teachers, its publications have become a reference for many literacy teachers practices and, in the same way, they have contributed to disseminate the dominant ideology at na arid time in educational field, when Constructivism was implemented without suitable conditions. Therefore, the research made it possible to observe aspects that reinforced the literacy crisis and that echo in Brazilian’s literacy classes nowadays.