Avaliação de Desempenho da Política Pública de Habitação de Interesse Social no Município de Ponta Grossa – PR: perspectivas socioeconômicas e contábeis de 2003 a 2020

Abstract

The public policy for social housing in Brazil, in the last two decades, has undergone different moments regarding the allocation of financial resources, which has impacted the management of housing programs at the local level. Therefore, this evaluative study sought to highlight the performance of the public policy for social housing in the municipality of Ponta Grossa, Paraná, Brazil, in an ex-post analysis following its implementation, in order to measure its effectiveness from 2003 to 2020. Based on the governing regulations and the municipal socioeconomic database, the housing deficit was determined, as well as the investment in affordable housing, with a focus on the funds allocated by the Ponta Grossa Housing Company (PROLAR), the municipal entity that led the housing policy until 2022. Through documentary, exploratory, and descriptive research, evaluative indicators of the effectiveness of the social housing policy were constructed, derived from logistic regression tests and correlation analysis between variables, as well as accounting and financial indices, which highlighted the municipal investment in housing for socially vulnerable individuals. Based on these indicators, it was possible to infer that the efforts made by the municipal administrations from 2003 to 2020 were not able to meet the effectiveness criteria or the guidelines established in the logical model of the Ponta Grossa social housing policy. During this period, the housing deficit doubled, and contrary to what a State Policy mandates, the production of housing units experienced a significant decline, approaching zero in the last recorded municipal administration (2017-2020), indicating the discontinuity of local housing programs after 2016. This situation led the current administration (2021-2024) to abolish PROLAR through Law No. 14.229/2022. However, this study demonstrated that, due to relevant unfavorable contextual factors and a problem tree resulting from the governmental decision to delegate the local management of social housing exclusively to the federal government, there were programmatic failures in the management of social housing over the past two decades. As a countermeasure, the municipality has the duty to manage its housing demand according to the local reality, under the risk of restricting the constitutional right to housing to the private market, which is fueled by housing financialization, thus promoting informal housing. In both situations, poverty is perpetuated instead of being addressed, by granting one of the most basic social rights: the right to housing.