Estudo in vitro do efeito de tratamento de desmineralização vs. tratamento de microabrasão no esmalte com fluorose dentária

Abstract

The use of fluorides has contributed to a significant improvement in oral health, however, studies have identified dental fluorosis as a sign of the toxic effect of this chemical agent, which can be identified as opaque spots, ranging from white to brown, and may present esthetic impairment. Thus, the aim of this study was to compare the effect of demineralization-remineralization (DES-RE) treatment with microabrasion (MA) treatment on the enamel surface affected by fluorosis. Qualitative and quantitative analyzes were performed before and after treatments with ANTIVET® (DES-RE; dental MDC) and WHITENESS RM® (MA; FGM) in specimens obtained from 24 premolars with degree 3 of fluorosis according to the Dean index. Bacterial adhesion (AB), optical profilometry and linear roughness (PO) tests, qualitative analysis in a field effect scanning electron microscope (FEG), x-ray energy expended spectrometry (EDS) and Raman spectrophotometer (RAMAN) were performed. According to the results obtained, for the AB test, no significant differences were detected between the groups. In the PO analysis, both groups showed loss of enamel surface and in linear roughness the DES-RE group was statistically smoother after treatment. In the FEG tests, the DES-RE showed a smoother surface after finishing the treatment and the MA showed a rougher surface. In the EDS test, fluoride decreased in the DES-RE group; the percentages of phosphorus and calcium increased in the DES-RE group and decreased in the MA group. In the RAMAN test, there was a trend that the peaks increased after application of the two treatments. Based on these results, it can be concluded that both treatments eliminated enamel structure and did not interfere with bacterial colonization. After DES-RE treatment, the enamel has a smoother appearance and no percentage loss of minerals when compared to the MA treatment.