AVALIAÇÃO DOS EFEITOS GÁSTRICO E RENAL DE ANTIINFLAMATÓRIO SELETIVO E NÃO SELETIVO PARA COX-2 EM RATOS SUBMETIDOS À BAIXA DOSE DE ÁCIDO ACETILSALICÍLICO

Abstract

The worldwide increase in consumption of low-dose aspirin (LDA) for preventing cardiovascular diseases has raised the frequency of patients seeking dental treatment who are chronic users of such an approach and require complementary acute anti-inflammatory medication. Considering the lack of literature evaluating this interaction, this study aims to analyze the possibility of gastric and renal effects caused by the use, in conjunction, of LDA, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) that is Ibuprofen, and a coxib (Etoricoxib). Male Wistar rats were divided into 6 experimental groups (n=8 animals/group) and submitted to prolonged (42 days) use of LDA and posterior interaction with COX-2-selective or non-selective NSAIDs during 3 days by gavage (groups: 1-Carboxymethyl cellulose – CMC; 2-LDA; 3-LDA+Ibuprofen;4-Ibuprofen; 5-LDA+Etoricoxib; 6-Etoricoxib). After the experimental period, analyses of gastric and renal damage (macroscopy) and quantification of serum creatinine (renal function) were done. Although the results have demonstrated that the Ibuprofen, LDA+Ibuprofen, and LDA+Etoricoxib groups presented statistically significant gastric damage in relation to the CMC group (ANOVA,Tukey, p<0.05), when compared among one another, there was a visible increased extension of the lesion in the groups that interacted with LDA.Concerning the renal system, no drug/interaction has provoked any significant alteration (p>0.05). It is concluded that the biggest percentages of gastric lesion were observed as stemming from the prolonged use of LDA in association with a non-selective NSAID, and with a coxib. Alternatively, no group was capable of provoking significant alteration upon renal function and tissue.