Pós-colheita de frutos de ameixa armazenados em temperatura ambiente e a 1ºC tratados e armezenados em temperatura ambiente e a 1º C tratados com Etefom

Abstract

The plum cultivation has enormous potential for growth in Brazil, research in Brazil for the development of new varieties, based on the Asian origin materials, implanted in the states, in the south of the country, with several crosses being carried out in order to obtain resistant to diseases and with longer periods of storage of their fruits, storage period is lower than other fruits, mainly because the plum is a climacteric fruit and presents continuity in its maturation, respiration and transposition processes after being harvested . In this way, harvest and storage strategies are required to increase fruit shelf life and transport, factors that cause a rise in fruit prices for the consumer. The objective of this work was to know the climacteric development of fruits, storage capacity and quality of Japanese plum fruits (Prunus salicina Lind), Japanese plum genotypes developed in the breeding program of the Agronomic Institute of Paraná. Two experiments were carried out. The first one was carried out with four genotypes, stored at room temperature and refrigerated temperature at 1 ° C and analyzed for their qualities in eight storage periods. For the second experiment, two plum genotypes were used, stored at room temperature and refrigerated at 1 ° C, and treated or not with Etefom, and nine evaluation periods. Fresh fruit weight loss, L, A, B color and Hue angle transformation, soluble solids, titratable acidity, ratio and pH were analyzed in the fruits at each time point. The storage capacity of fruits at ambient temperature conditions is lower than when compared to fruits when stored at refrigerated temperature in the two experiments. Fruits of all genotypes at harvest had a diameter greater than 44.00 mm, and mass of fruits greater than 50grams being these results of greater expression in the physical qualities of the fruits, in relation to the chemical qualities of the fruits it is possible to observe that at the moment of the harvest SS results were obtained higher than 9 ° Brix, and with the advancement of the maturity values of SS reached close to 15 ° Brix, while TA at the time of harvest had values of 1.00% and after storage the values obtained were less than 0.5%. It is concluded with this work that all the genotypes studied climatic behavior, with different storage periods and different capacities, when stored in or in refrigerated temperature 1 ° C, all the genotypes occurred between the harvesting and the final moments of the storage, with the highest expression results obtained in the loss of fresh mass of the fruits stored in refrigerated temperature 1 ° C with application of Etefom , and elevation of the ratio and SS in fruits at both storage sites.