Entre grades: desafios da maternidade (in)digna no sistema penitenciário pontagrossense e uma proposta de intervenção

Abstract

This dissertation analyzes the implications of female incarceration on guaranteeing dignified motherhood, based on the experiences of women deprived of liberty at the Hildebrando de Souza Public Prison in Ponta Grossa/PR. The study investigates, from an intersectional perspective, how the Brazilian prison system guarantees or violates the fundamental rights of pregnant and postpartum women deprived of their liberty. To this end, exploratory studies were first conducted through bibliographic and documental research. Subsequently, semi-structured interviews were carried out with professionals working in the prison environment of the Hildebrando de Souza Public Prison, as well as with two incarcerated women. Finally, to establish a connection between theoretical and empirical categories, the content analysis method was used. The dissertation is structured in three main sections. The first addresses the theoretical foundations, discussing gender, patriarchy, intersectionality, and female incarceration. The second examines the applicable normative framework, including the Federal Constitution, the Penal Execution Law, and the Bangkok Rules. The third section presents the context of the Paraná prison system and the results of empirical research, including an analysis of the service flow, the socioeconomic profile of the interviewees, experiences during prenatal care, pregnancy and postpartum, and the absence of systematized data. The results demonstrate systematic failures in guaranteeing fundamental rights: the use of handcuffs during medical procedures, the presence of male officers during gynecological examinations, delays in emergency care, lack of adequate food, overcrowding, precarious prenatal care, lack of psychological preparation for mother-baby separation, and uncertainty regarding transfer deadlines. The research highlights the gap between the legal framework and the lived reality. As a product, a protocol of good practices is proposed, structured in guidelines on triage, prenatal and postpartum care, transfers, prohibition of handcuffs, food, psychological support, legal assistance, information systems, and professional training, aiming at humanized care that respects human dignity and the comprehensive protection of motherhood and childhood.