Avaliação e manejo da dor do recém- nascido prematuro em unidade de terapia intensiva neonatal: revisão sistemática da literatura

Abstract

This study aimed to identify, through a systematic literature review, the most commonly used pain assessment scales in preterm infants in neonatal intensive care units and by which techniques they are managed. The study used the Methodi Ordinatio as a methodology and the research was conducted during December 2018, in the databases PUBMED, LILACS, SCOPUS and SCIELO. The protocol for this systematic review has been registered with PROSPERO under number CRD42019128075. We selected 11 articles that evaluated the presence of pain, through scales, in newborns undergoing routine intensive care procedures and who also evaluated the effectiveness of both pharmacological and non-pharmacological methods in relieving painful stimuli. Two scales were identified as the most used to assess the presence of pain in preterm infants, Premature Infant Pain Profile and Neonatal Infant Pain Scale. Regarding the techniques through which pain management is performed, nonpharmacological means were predominant, with sweet solutions and breastfeeding or breast milk identified as the most used and most effective methods for pain relief in preterm infants in neonatal intensive care units.