Avaliação do controle mecânico e químico do biofilme dental em pacientes portadores de Síndrome de Down

Abstract

The children who carry especial needs present low level of oral hygiene with constant gingivitis presence and high accrual level of dental plaque caused by mechanical limitation and psycho motor skill. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the mechanical and chemical control on bacterial film in Down’s syndrome patients using four unlike experimental dentifrices, specially indicated for motor difficulty and ⁄ or mental patients, checking the effects of their utilization on bacterial film reduction, gingivitis and gingival bleeding. This research was done on 40 Down’s syndrome patients from the Special Education School Teacher Maria de Lourdes Canziani linked to the Handicapped Parents’ and Friends’ Association (APAE) from Ponta Grossa, PR, aged 7 to 13, on mixed dentition period, that have used four different experimental dentifrices: fluoride dentifrice (G1 protocol), fluoride dentifrice + chlorhexidine (G2 protocol), fluoride dentifrice + chlorhexidine + plaque disclosing (G3 protocol) and fluoride dentifrice + plaque disclosing (G4 protocol). This study was developed on crossed cast and double-blind with four experimental stages (10 days), separated among itself during three washout periods (15 days). Patients were evaluated at the onset and next to the experimental stages, using a gauge, a simplified Greene-Vermillion index and at the presence or absence of gingival crest bleeding in probing of Ainamo-Bay index. Similar clinical conditions were present at the beginning of all experimental periods for plaque index and gingival bleeding. It was checked statistics differences for clinical conditions evaluated, in the post treatment index comparison where the dentifrices containing plaque disclosing associated or not to chlorhexidine have presented a reduction more enhanced related to the final plaque index, when comparing to the others dentifrices. It was observed that dentifrices with disclosing plaque and with chlorhexidine in the final index score of gingival bleeding have showed similar findings, and the dentifrice with chlorhexidine plus disclosing plaque did the best results at the experiment ending. In conclusion, the findings indicate that the motivation on the careful patients was the key to the success, in order to get a satisfactory oral hygiene in carrier patients of especial needs and pharmaco- association in the same dentifrice (chlorhexidine, fluor and erythrosine) may be seen as a simple and efficacious way to administrate therapeutic agents and bacterial plaque disclosing , once it do not interfere in cleansing routine of that individuals when applied during toothbrushing facilitating dental plaque control and gingival inflammation.