Efeito do uso de insulina oral sobre os parâmetros metabólicos de ratos alimentados com dieta hiperlipídica

Abstract

Excessive adiposity, in particular the accumulation of visceral fat, is strongly correlated with insulin resistance, one of the main pillars for the development of type 2 diabetes. Furthermore, obesity is associated with metabolic disorders such as dyslipidemia and chronic inflammation, which also play a role in the pathogenesis of diabetes.The higth deaths from diabetes complications is alarming. In recent decades, chang patterns dietary have led us into a diabetes pandemic, so there, isan establishment of diabetes as a global health care. The relationship between the digestive system and the development of diabetes has already been the subject from scientific studies and it is known about oral insulin administration has promoted a reversal of diabetic intestinal hyperplasia in rats, inhibiting cell proliferation and intestinal growth in induced diabetes. Even being destroyed in the acidic environmentfrom the stomach, insulin fragments biologically active or intact insulin molecules may have modulated cell proliferation in the diabetic intestine. The intestinal epithelium has insulin receptors already seen on the literature, however, the effect from insulin on this specific action area still unknown. The objetive from this study is: Evaluate the effects from oral insulin administration in animals feded by hypercaloric diet; measure the intestinal epithelium and evaluate the influence from insulin administration on it; quantify glucose serum parameters and GLP1 and evaluate the GLP-1 gene expression by RT-PCR. Method: Male Wistar rats, average weight of 263g, aged between 2 and 3 months, puted into 4 groups: control (CTRL) withcontrol diet, gavage with NaCl; gavage control with 30 IU of insulin (CTRL+INS); hypercaloric diet gavage with NaCl (HLD) and HLD gavage with 30 IU of insulin (HLD+INS).Weight measurements were carried over weekly. After 11 weeks, blood samples were collected for laboratory analysis. After 12 weeks, the animals were euthanized and blood, duodenum and ileum samples were collected for histopathological analysis and RT-PCR. The administration of oral insulin influenced the reduction of weight gain, intestinal changes and other metabolic parameters.