Resíduos de abatedouro na dinâmica da matéria orgânica, retenção de água no solo, produtividade das culturas e eficiência em sistema de plantio direto

Abstract

Inadequate disposal of organic solids from poultry and pig slaughterhouses can promote environmental pollution. Your use ally or non the mineral fertilization in rotations of wood in no-tillage system in the Campos region. However, in order to optimize agricultural productivity and environmental quality, the administration of the use variables should be studied, combining loss and increase of nutrients, organic matter and crop productivity. In addition, the quality of the soil to the extent of the environmental quality risk provided by the use of high doses of organic waste is not of the utmost importance. Thus, it was resistant to maintaining levels of industrial organic fertilization (IOW) (0, 25, 50, 75, 100% organic waste) combined with mineral fertilization (MF) (0, 25, 50, 75, 100%). The experiment started in 2009 and was harvested until 2015 under no-tillage and crop speed (beans / wheat / soybean / bird / corn / wheat). Soil samples were collected after 5 harvests for carbon (C) evaluations and their fractions. Soil Quality Laboratory Analyzers were conducted for the use of C-CO2, percolation in unroot and upturned soil and N-NO3- mineralization under increasing doses of ROI (0, 0.5, 1, 2, 4 an 8 Mg ha-1). The sets of CO by C, Corning permanganate oxable and C, seismic by hot water, and soil physical components were highlighted by soil density, total porosity, macro and micro porosity, and water retention. The results indicated that the use of IOW and MF + IOW had a good potential in soil C sequestration in CO2-C mitigation at any additional cost. On the contrary, it increased the yield and liquid of most crops. The use of IOW 100 reduced soil density, increased its total and micro efficiency and improved soil structure resulting in higher water retention and that N-NO3- content has its potential availability for applications after 40 days of application of the IOW , thus being designated an application of pre-planting of crop, thus taking advantage of the potential of release. Thus, it is concluded that IOW offers increases in soil performance and increases crop productivity, soil chemistry, soil physical and biological.