Viabilidade econômica e financeira da produção de etanol de batata-doce em microdestilarias

Abstract

The demand for renewable energy is expanding worldwide at an accelerated pace and it has been stimulating the biofuel sector. Sweet potato crop, due to its productivity and edaphoclimatic adaptation, has potential for ethanol generation. The crop also plays an important social role, as it is directly linked to family farming production systems. As every project must be planned before execution, it is proposed to analyze the economic and financial viability of sweet potato ethanol production in areas of smallholder agriculture. Simulations were carried out in 16 scenarios, varying quantitatively factors that may have an influence on the viability of the enterprise, such as total costs, costs with raw materials and inputs, starch content, taxes, and the sale price of ethanol. Subsequently, the Net Present Value (NPV), the Internal Rate of Return (IRR), and Payback were used as study tools. From the simulations and analyzes, it was found that scenario two presented itself as one of the most attractive. In this case, there are 58 farmers, with sweet potato yield of 30 Mg ha-1 , starch content of 300 g kg -1 , ethanol production plant in operation for 11 months per year, producing 807 L day-1 , and selling it for R $ 2.92 L-1 . This results in NPV (R$) of 2,672,050.23, IRR (%) of 31.52 and Payback of 5.36 years. Scenario sixteen was the most attractive, with the same values as scenario two, however, exempt from PIS / Pasep and Cofins taxes, resulting in a NPV of R$ 4,053,178.70, IRR 39.11% and Payback of 4.43 years. Simulation of scenarios made with the ethanol production plant of 403 L day-1 proved to be unfeasible or unattractive economically.