Automação e o futuro do trabalho no Brasil: o problema dos prognósticos envolvendo inteligência artificial e robótica

Abstract

This research is about automation and the future of work in Brazil, with the objective of discussing the impacts of global productive restructuring, supported by a new wave of automation, based on artificial intelligence and robotics, within the national context of work and citizenship. The approach is mixed, qualitative and quantitative, with inductive research method and exploratory and descriptive character, including as methodologies the state of the art of the literature on the subject, for the period from 2015 to 2019, combined with an original analysis on the legislative projects that seek to regulate automation and artificial intelligence in the country, both filed and in progress. To this end, we start with a literature review of the categories that will guide the work, while at the same time constituting a diagnosis of the present time, at a global level. Next, we move on to a discussion of the theories, methodologies, and findings of the predictions of automation and the future of work, also at the global level. Finally, it analyzes the research and findings on the Brazilian context, comparing them, when possible and appropriate, with the global conjuncture, including, besides the forecasts on automation, the original study on attempts to regulate the matter. It concludes that Brazil's situation in terms of access to work and citizenship, in this context of automation and the future of work, is not favorable, including difficulties in measuring the studies themselves, the dynamics of the national labor profile, the magnitude of the forecast findings, trends toward liberalization of worker protection regulations, and accumulated economic and social problems.