AÇÃO ZOOGEOMORFOLÓGICA DOS SUÍNOS: FORMAS E PROCESSOS SUPERFICIAIS EM ÁREAS DE PASTOREIO

Abstract

The animals develop functions on the ecosystems, including modifications on the environment, such as dispersion and extinction of species, and modifications on the surface of the soil, known as bioturbations. This work aims to analyze the swine as zoogeomorfological inflator agents on paestore area`s forms and process, inside of a “criadouro comum” from the Faxinal System. The faxinais are areas occupied by the traditional people, in which the social formation is distinguished and characterized by it`s socioespatial organization, gathering common use of the land and the forestall resources. This form of organization maintains cultural habits, such as extensive creation of spread animals, featured by the swine creation. The creation and behavior of the swine without planning or management causes environmental degradation on relation to hydric resources and soil. The act of revolving a large amount of materials to exhume roots and find food provokes disturbances on the soil, which modifies the hydroerosive regime. On this sense, this work monitored the swine conduct as well as the bioerosive dynamic of the soil of a “criadouro comum” of the Faxinal Paraná Anta Gorda in the city of Prudentópolis Pr. The porks ran an average of 5.700 meters inside of the “criadouro comum”, going trough forest and pasture areas on the search for the food available on these areas. The physical conditions of these areas conditioned the dynamic of the bioturbations, as well as the soil removal rates. On the more swine permanence areas, there were encountered rates of erosion of 56 kg/m²/year. On the places utilized for wallow, the rate of removal was of 130 kg/year. The areas with punctual bioturbation on the pasture, had losses of 10.7, while the forest areas had losses of 2.2 kg/ m²/year. On this sense, the swine must be considered as one of the most bioerosive agents on a faxinal area, being responsible for soil degradation. The increase, of the pasture areas and the number of swines, attached to “criadouro comunitário” and covered forestall environmental reduction may enlarge the degradation rates, resulting on the environmental unsustainability of this system.