ARRANJOS E POPULAÇÕES DE PLANTAS E SUA INFLUÊNCIA EM CARACTERÍSTICAS AGRONÔMICAS E NA PRODUTIVIDADE DE FEIJÃO

Abstract

The bean crop yield can be substantially affected by row spacing and sowing density. Aiming to evaluate the effect of different plant populations and row spacing in the yield components and bean crop yield, there were four experiments, differing by cultivars type and sowing time in the city of Ponta Grossa, PR, in the years 2013 and 2014. The experimental design in both sowing time (water and dry) and two cultivars (IPR-Uirapuru and IPR-Tangara) was a randomized block in a factorial scheme (2 x 5), two spacing (22 and 45 cm between rows) with five densities (5, 8, 11, 14, 17 plants per row meter). It was evaluated the components of yield and yield of crop. In the first sowing time in both cultivars it was observed that the reduction of row spacing resulted in reducing the number of pods per plant and number of grains per pod, while the thousand grain weight was little affected by variations in arrangements population. In both cultivars yield differences were observed between seeding rates, however, only the cultivar IPR-Uirapuru had difference between the spacings. The yield was lower in the spacing of 45 cm between rows only in 5 plants per meter density. In the second sowing time the yield components and crop yield were affected by plant spacing, and this influence was less about the weight of a thousand grains. In the second sowing time was not observed yield differences for cultivars depending on the row spacing. At this time, only the IPR-Tangara showed yield differences between the plant densities. For both cultivars, in the first and the second sowing time, 11-14 plants per meter, which is the recommendation for culture, obtained the best yields, while reducing the spacing between rows did not offer benefits because it did not increase cultivars yields and require greater investment in seeds and possible machine adaptations for reduced spacing. The spacing and density of recommendations can be used in both sowing time.