Condições de trabalho de professores temporários na Educação Superior Pública: análise da Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa (UEPG).

Abstract

This dissertation investigates the working conditions of temporary professors in Public Higher Education in Paraná. The general objective is to unveil the working conditions of temporary professors in Public Higher Education at a State University in Paraná, focusing on hiring notices and data from the transparency portal, covering the period from 2017 to 2024. The specific objectives are: a) To identify who/how the category of temporary professors in Brazilian Public Higher Education is constituted; b) To indicate the relationship of the neoliberal bourgeois State of Paraná in the expansion of temporary hiring of Higher Education professors; and c) To analyze the public notices and transparency portal data regarding temporary hiring of professors at the State University of Ponta Grossa (UEPG). This is a documentary and bibliographic research, guided by the historical and dialectical materialist method. A review of the academic production on the subject was conducted based on data from the CAPES Thesis and Dissertation Catalog and the Federated Academic Community (CAFe). From these surveys, three categories were synthesized from academic works that influence the working conditions of temporary professors in Brazilian public universities: category 1 – The relationship between State, Capital, Law, and Labor; category 2 – The dimension of Teacher Valorization: working conditions; and category 3 – Teachers’ Struggles. The documentary research identified 12 legal regulations in Paraná that directly and indirectly contribute to the increase in hiring of temporary professors. Specifically, in the case of UEPG, from 2017 to 2024, 21 public notices for the hiring of temporary professors are available for public consultation. The selection tests included in these notices mirror those of public service exams, including written, teaching, oral exams, and curriculum evaluation, making the selection process rigorous. The results of the analysis highlight a distortion of Article 37 of the 1988 Federal Constitution, as the vacancies in certain knowledge areas are recurrent year after year, indicating the possible existence of actual vacancies in departments and sectors. Furthermore, the results indicate that some temporary professors have more than one active contract for a 20-hour weekly workload, as well as the fragmentation of the tripod: teaching, research, and extension—with teaching being the primary responsibility assigned to temporary professors. The findings also show that all sectors and departments at UEPG have active temporary professors, and subjects with practical workload components, such as internships, are the main areas for such hires. Therefore, the lack of public competitions for professorial positions has become a chronic issue at the University.