ÍNDICE DE QUALIDADE DE PRAÇAS: UMA PROPOSTA METODOLÓGICA

Abstract

After a long trajectory, the squares remain present in the urban space and in the imaginary of the city population. Without losing its main function, the social, they are brought as a theme of this research, with the purpose of evaluating the quality of these spaces in the city of Ponta Grossa, through a methodological proposal. For this, it was necessary a bibliographic survey besides methodologies able of evaluating quantitative and quatitative the arborization and infrastructure of the squares and analyzing the spatial aspects, it was necessary found variables for the composition of a Quality Index of Squares. In order to reach the final index, denominated IQP - Quality Index of Squares, were considered sub-indices linked to the main functions of the squares, denominated: Index of the Environmental Function - IFA; IFS and Social Function Index - IFS, since according to the proposed thesis, it is the fulfillment of these functions that expresses the quality of the squares. The aim of the research, besides promoting and valuing the public spaces of the city, especially the squares, was also to present the IQP as a data collection and analysis tool. All proposed indexes vary from 0 to 1 and correspond: 0 - 0,25 bad; 0.26-0.50 regular; 0.51 - 0.75 good and 0.76 - 1 optimum. Regarding the results concerning the spatial distribution of the squares, it was verified that some areas considered by the City of Ponta Grossa as squares behave as space without direct social function, these were disregarded in the analyzes. When starting the results with a general analysis of the conditions of the squares it was verified that there is a concentration of the same in the central area of the city, as well as in the neighborhoods Uvaranas and Neves. In the squares were found 1,936 arboreal individuals of which 59.8% are of exotic origin. Infrastructure, lighting, sidewalk and banks were the most frequent structures. As for the sub-indices, the highest value was the IFE that reached 0.85 and IFA the index that obtained the lowest value, 0.52. Soon followed by the IFS with 0.51. From the calculation of the sub-indices the IQP was obtained for the urban area, by neighborhood and for each square. The average IQP for the squares of the city of Ponta Grossa resulted in 0.53, classified as good. The highest IQP was presented by Rotary Internacional with 0.89 and the lowest value was verified for Ambiental Jacobus Van Wilpe square with 0.12. From the results, a heterogeneous scenario is observed regarding the quality of these spaces and the variables require an intervention by the government, so that the squares can fully fulfill their functions of big importance for the population, as well as for all the urban space.