O impacto do comércio internacional na criação de empregos no Brasil: uma análise com dados em painel

Abstract

The study of the International Trade has been discussed since the mercantilist period. The commercial transactions have been carried out as a mean of trading goods. The international trading leads the economies to improve their special skills in a specific economic sector, thus they do not have to be self-sufficient in all economic sectors. This specialization induces the economic sector to be more efficient, increasing the job creation and contributing to the society’s economic development. This dissertation intends to measure how the job creation in the following brazilian economic sectors: farming, extractivism, industrial, services and the total amount of job creation as well, were influenced by the international trading. The period taken to be analysed was the 2004-2014 one. The database is anual and divided by federative unit. The panel data, with estimations to the fixed and random effects, was the model used at this dissertation. The Chow Test, along with Breusch-Pangan and Hausman Tests were in charge of identifying the best estimation method. The results revealed that the international trading caused a positive impact to the job creation to the farming, service sectores, industrial sectors and the total amount of job creation, but none was observed in the extractive sector due to its low proportional employment levels compared to the whole brazilian economy.