Os gêneros Bromelia L., Acanthostachys Klotzsch. e Neoregelia L.B.Sm. (Bromeliaceae - Bromelioideae) no Estado do Paraná, Brasil

Abstract

Bromelioideae has 45 genera and 1021 species, exhibiting a high level of endemism in Brazil, with the center of diversity located on the Brazilian east coast in the Atlantic Forest. The aim of this study was to explore the diversity of the genera Bromelia L., Acanthostachys Klotzsch, and Neoregelia L. B. Sm., focusing on morphological, taxonomic aspects, and the geographic distribution of the taxa. The work was based on both in vivo material and herbarium collections. For each taxon, descriptions, comments, identification keys, and geographic distribution are provided. Bromelia antiacantha Bertol. and Bromelia balansae Mez, belonging to the subgenus Bromelia, were found, typically in the interior of the forest, occurring throughout all regions of the state. Acanthostachys strobilacea (Schultes f.) Klotzsch is the only representative species of the genus, primarily found in the third plateau region of Paraná. Neoregelia is represented by N. laevis L.B.Sm., N. maculata L.B.Sm., and N. pauciflora L.B.Sm., which belong to the subgenus Neoregelia, inhabiting exclusively the Dense Ombrophilous Forest. Neoregelia doeringiana L.B.Sm. and N. chlorosticta (Baker) L.B.Sm. were not found in Paraná. Three species studied were considered Least Concern, Acanthostachys strobilacea, Bromelia antiacantha and B. balansae. Neoregelia laevis, considered Vulnerable, N. maculata considered Endangered regarding the threat categorization.