Classificação e diagnóstico da obesidade por meio de parâmetros antropométricos, bioquímicos e de consumo alimentar de alunos das séries iniciais do ensino fundamental de uma escola pública: uma proposta de intervenção interdisciplinar

Abstract

Obesity is a disease, with a loto f public health problem by the WHO, it’s associated with high morbidity and mortality rates, and in children, contributes to early development of chronic diseases that will continue in adulthood. Thus, the aim of this study was to classify and diagnose obesity by anthropometric, biochemical and food consumption parameters of students of the initial series in a Ponta Grossa City, Paraná municipality school. The methodology used was quantitative and qualitative that involved 633 children from 5 to 13 years old. It was developed in two phases, the first of a quantitative nature screening the students for the next phase of the study. In this quantitative phase, anthropometric and biochemical parameters were collected and analyzed in order to establish the nutritional status of the students. The second phase included 18 children who, after being evaluated quantitatively, were selected to continue the study and to be evaluated qualitatively, which involved anamnesis, educational activities, as well as the participation of parents and / or guardians. The findings of the survey with 633 children show that 9.8% of them are obese and 16.6% are overweight. As for the selected children, the average DC was 87.6 cm and the WHR was 0.9. As for laboratory tests, was statistically significant association between sex and cholesterol, HDL, LDL, triglycerides, and serial (P <0.05). Both children and their parents reported high consumption of processed foods, and high sugar foods and carbohydrates. In addition, children report suffering bullying from colleagues because of their weight. From the literature review and the results, a proposal for interdisciplinary intervention was drawn up, involving the physical education teacher, nutritionist, psychologist, teachers, teaching staff and officials, and consisting of (1) making a booklet of healthy habits (2) workshop cooking with the students participating in the study (3) continuing education for teachers and educational staff on food education and child bullying (4) awareness of parents regarding to change habits, for better child and family quality of life. It can be concluded that obesity affects children's health, both physical form as social and emotional. Thus, preventive measures interdisciplinary nature can reach children who are in school and their families, as well as in the long run, cause a change in habits and behaviors that can decrease the incidence of obese children and prevent grievances. seeking the best in child and family quality of life. We concluded that obesity affects children's health, both in physical form as social and emotional. Thus, preventive measures interdisciplinary nature can reach children who are in school and their families, as well as in the long run, cause a change in habits and behaviors that can decrease the incidence of obese children and prevent grievances, seeking quality of life for the child and family.