Interferência da utilização de óleos essenciais nos parâmetros fisiológico e sanitário de sementes orgânicas de alface e coentro durante o armazenamento

Abstract

The production of organic seeds requires specific techniques, not yet determined, such as those related to phytosanitary control. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate, for organic seeds of lettuce and coriander, applications of essential oils of clove (Eugenia caryophyllus), lemon grass (Cymbopogon citratus), rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis), eucalyptus (Eucalyptus globulus), ginger (Zingiber officinale) and melaleuca (Melaleuca alternifolia), at concentrations of 500, 1,000, 1,500 and 2,000 uL. L-1 , in addition to the control. The quality of these seeds was determined by physical (water content), physiological (germination and vigor) and sanitary parameters, after the application of the essential oils and up to 180 days of storage. The experimental design was completely randomized in a factorial scheme (6x5) with four replications. In the seeds of lettuce, the applications of 500 μL. L-1 of rosemary, ginger and melaleuca oils did not significantly interfere with germination, but this concentration was not efficient to reduce the incidence of Alternaria sp. and Cladosporium sp. Already, the other oils caused a significant reduction of germination and vigor. The increase in the concentration of oils, especially clove and lemon grass, negatively interfered in the germination and vigor results. For the coriander seeds, regardless of the essential oil used, with the increase of the oil concentration, there was a linear reduction of the germination. So it is not feasible to use the essential oils of clove, lemon grass, rosemary, ginger, eucalyptus and melaleuca, in concentrations, for lettuce seeds. Already for coriander seeds, it is possible to use essential oils of rosemary, and clove (to 500 ul. L-1 ) to reduce the incidence of Alternaria sp., Without causing significant reduction in germination.