APLICAÇÃO DE REGRESSÃO LINEAR MÚLTIPLA NA ANÁLISE DA DINÂMICA DE CÁTIONS TROCÁVEIS EM UM SISTEMA SOLO-PLANTA IRRIGADO COM ÁGUA RESIDUÁRIA

Abstract

The competition of water in different regions of the world, between agriculture and the human needs, has led to restrictions in the increase of food production, resulting in search for alternative sources. The use of effluent from secondary treatment of sewage (ETSE) has been a common practice in several seasonal situations. The aims of this work were: (i) create regression models to assist in the understanding of the dynamics of acidity (current, exchangeable and total), the exchangeable bases and the exchangeable sodium percentage (ESP) in the soil, through the use of multiple linear regression (RLM), considering variables of soil, soil solution, plant, ETSE, weather and complementary variables, and (ii) compare the generated models with the standard method and the models generated from selecting variables. For the construction of the MLR models, the method of stepwise variable selection, forward and backward were used and compared with the standard method through the index adjusted determination coefficient (R2adj) and the variance inflation factor (VIF). The models developed from the method of variables selection were the most indicated. All the attributes in the scenarios and layers of the studied soils were not explained by the same group of variables. In general the results were consistent as far as the pH increased, the H + Al (total acidity) and Al (potential acidity) concentration decreased and Ca (calcium), Mg (magnesium) were increased. Because of the low-K (potassium) in the soil, the contribution of this nutrient by irrigation with ETSE cause little influence in the concentrations of this element. Due to the high sodium absorption ratio (SAR) in the effluent concentrations of this element, as well as PST were increased over time in soil. The accumulation and export of Na (sodium) by plants was not sufficient to prevent the increase in the concentrations of exchangeable Na and ESP in all studied scenarios and layers.