INFLUÊNCIA DO USO E OCUPAÇÃO DA TERRA NA VARIABILIDADE SAZONAL DA TAXA DE INFILTRAÇÃO NA BACIA HIDROGRÁFICA RIO BONITO EM IRATI – PR

Abstract

The variability in the physical condition of the soil occurs because a series of climatic factors, as well as topographic due to use and occupancy of the land. These factors may interfere in the process of water infiltration into the soil, creating a series of problems such as soil erosion and flooding, often from a runoff. This research aimed to understand the influence of the use and occupation of land on seasonal variability of infiltration rate on watershed Rio Bonito in Irati, the Center-South region of the State of Paraná. Measure the rate of infiltration with a concentric ring infiltrômetro in the period of June 2014 to July 2015, in four different classes of use: Culture, forest, pasture and Urbanized Areas. Also soil samples were taken for analysis of particle size, density and porosity, being opened along the profile of three trenches and collected soil depths 0-5, 5-10, 10-20, 20-30 cm in whose collections were carried out points of moisture, compression and infiltration. Had been evidenced significant infiltration values for classes and Forest Culture and lower values for Pasture and Urbanized Areas. Particle size analysis revealed high levels of soil clay and silt. The greatest resistance to penetration was found in grassland and the lowest class in the forest, grazing was the class that presented the highest density and lowest porosity of the soil, the forest a lower density and higher porosity. The class culture although it has presented high values of density and compression registered a high rate of infiltration. The analysis of the results of some physical attributes of soil presented related to infiltration as resistance and soil density, however the most significant values were with seasonality, which presented higher values of infiltration in the winter and spring.