Caracterização do carvão de bambu para potencial aplicação como adsorvente de sulfeto de hidrogênio de biogás

Abstract

As the population and demand for energy grow, new sources and innovations in processes gain attention and are the focus of research. It is smart to improve methods of transforming what is currently considered waste into energy raw material. In the field, animal waste is often a concern for producers regarding the structure and logistics of disposal. Through the technology of biodigesters, these materials are reallocated so that they are no longer a problem to be solved and become a source of thermal and electrical energy from their biogas. Biogas, whose definition is “fuel gas generated by the anaerobic fermentation of organic matter of animal or vegetable origin”, on the other hand, has sulfur in its composition, which, linked to two hydrogen atoms, forms hydrogen sulfide (H2S), a toxic, corrosive, foul-smelling gas that is harmful to human health and to the useful life of equipment and, therefore, must be contained during the energy generation process . Thus, the objective was to verify the ability of bamboo charcoal to be used as a filter to reduce hydrogen sulfide emissions in this process of biogas generation in biodigesters. For that, bamboos Bambusa vulgaris and Phyllostachys aurea, at layers from the basis until 0,75 m and another between 0,75 m and 1,25 m high were transformed into charcoal, macerated and analyzed for their adsorption capacities. Physical activation with temperature and chemical activation with urea and iron nitrate were also tested and compared, concluding as the best material bamboo B. Vulgaris, from basis, activated by iron nitrate charcoal.