Prevalência dos Padrões de Perda Óssea Perirradicular e Associação com Fatores Etiológicos em Lesões Endodônticas: Um Estudo por Tomografia Computadorizada Cone Beam

Abstract

Objectives: to establish the prevalence of periradicular bone loss patterns of endodontic origin in teeth with endodontic treatment using the Checklist for systematic tomographic interpretation in Endodontics (ITS – E) proposed in this study. Materials and Method: The sample was provided by 67 cone beam computed tomography (CBCT), from individuals aged at least 18 years, who underwent the examination with indication for endodontic evaluation, from January 2023 to December 2023. The The ITS-E checklist proposed in this study was developed by LODI-UEPG (Dental League for Diagnostic Imaging) based on the group's experience in evaluating endodontic diagnosis. Roots that showed rarefaction of endodontic origin were recorded. Therefore, they were common following the association guide “Bone loss patterns x Associated factors”. In the bone loss guide, Pattern 1 is characterized by specific periapical bone losses, involving only the apical region of the root; Pattern 2 as specific bone loss in lateral periodontium; Pattern 3 as lateralized periapical bone loss, which involves the apical region and is displaced laterally; Pattern 4 bone losses in the shape of “J”; Pattern 5 in bone loss in the furcation region; Pattern 6 as triangular-shaped angular bone losses and Pattern 7 were classified as erroneous rarefactions that did not fit the previous patterns. Results: 122 roots and 76 rarefactions were evaluated. ITS-E pattern 1 of bone loss was the most prevalent in 36.7% of cases, being more frequently found in the mesial root (31.03% of the pattern 1 sample). The factor “Expected and/or supernumerary canal with filling failure” was present in 38% of cases and more prevalent within patterns 1 and 3 of bone loss. Rarefactions with larger

dimensions were found in the factors “fracture” and “perforation”, presenting non- significant values between them, but with a value of p<0.05 in relation to the factor

“accessory canal”. Conclusion: The use of the ITS-E checklist is extremely important in characterizing bone loss of endodontic origin and as an aid in the systematic analysis of 3D exams, in a way that has not yet been reported in the literature to date.