Correlação entre o diâmetro da bainha do nervo óptico com a dimensão dos tumores intracranianos

Abstract

The occurrence of intracranial hypertension is one of the indications of urgent neurosurgical approach in intracranial tumors, and there is often no way to define the occurrence or not of this situation based only on physical examination or fundus examination. One of the indirect methods to assume the existence of intracranial hypertension is the evaluation of the diameter of the optic nerve sheath. In this context, the present study aims to evaluate, through the measurement of the diameter of the optic nerve sheath by means of magnetic resonance imaging of the brain, the presence or not of intracranial hypertension in brain tumors. This is a cross-sectional study in which cases of central nervous system (CNS) tumors of patients undergoing BRAIN MRI (MRI) tests were included at the University Hospital of the State University of Ponta Grossa (UEPG), Paraná, between January 2012 and December 2019. A total of 1,228 patients were observed through the PACS program of the University Hospital of the State University of Ponta Grossa (UEPG), and of this total 40 cases had valid intracranial tumors for study, the others excluded (1187) had no tumor pathologies in their imaging exams, as well as other pathologies of different aspects. The results showed that headache was the most prevalent, occurring in 40% of patients. In addition, vertigo syndrome was observed in 5%, visual turbidity in 5% and diplopia in 2.5%. It was observed in 22.5% that the images were suggestive of meningioma, in 37.5% of glial tumors and in 40% of metastases. The mean tumor volumes were 6.634 cm3 to 8.633 cm3, regardless of gender. It was concluded that intracranial tumors are directly responsible for optic nerve sheath dilation and headache, the main symptom. There was a direct correlation between optic nerve sheath dilation and the size of intracranial tumors.