O efeito da Rosuvastatina na osteonecrose da mandíbula induzida por Bifosfonatos, estudo em modelo animal

Abstract

The objective of this study was to analyze the effect of Rosuvastatin on osteonecrosis of the jaw, by means of the repair of alveolar bone in an animal model, after treatment with bisphosphonates. For this, 48 male Wistar rats were divided into 4 groups: C (saline via gavage), RS (Rosuvastatin 3.2mg / Kg via gavage), BF (zoledronic acid 0.1mg / Kg via IP) and BFRS (zoledronic acid 0.1mg / Kg IP + Rosuvastatin 3.2mg / Kg / day via gavage). In the 6th week, all groups underwent extraction and after 6 weeks, clinical and blood flow analysis were performed for further euthanasia. The hemimandibles were removed and dissected for radiographic and histological analysis. The statistics were descriptive and analytical with both parametric and non-parametric models. The level of significance adopted was α = 0.05. Regarding the presence of histological osteonecrosis, groups C and RS did not present this condition. The BF group presented necrotic tissue in 100% of the cases while the BFRS group presented in 75% of the animals. Radiographically, groups C and RS showed gradual healing (100%), whereas group BF showed a greater number of cases with bone sequestration present (80%) compared to BFRS (40%), but without statistical significance. In clinical parameters, bone exposure could not be observed in group C and RS. In the BF group, it was possible to observe a greater number of cases (80%) compared to the BFRS group (40%), but without significance. In the analysis by laser Doppler and histological blood vessels, the BF group showed lower flowmetry and blood vessels, when compared with the BFRS group and other groups, while between groups C and RS, no statistical difference was observed. Regarding the severity of osteocrosis, the BF group showed a predominance of higher scores, but there was no statistical difference with the BFRS group. Thus, Rosuvastatin did not interfere with bisphosphonate-induced osteonecrosis. However, when associated with BF, it showed an increase in vessels and local blood flow.