Os Sistemas de Engenharia na Constituição do processo de Desenvolvimento Regional do Vale do Ribeira / Microrregião de Cerro Azul, entre a segunda metade do século XIX e início do século XXI

Abstract

The central aim of this dissertation is to understand how engineering systems can shape the regional development process in the Ribeira Valley / Cerro Azul micro-region in Paraná. In order to be able to answer the starting question, three specific objectives were fundamental: the first specific objective is to delimit the geographic characteristics that make up the Cerro Azul micro-region and thus understand the influence of space on the construction of the social organization of the place. The second specific objective of this research is to systematize how the implementation of engineering systems in the Cerro Azul micro-region took place, more specifically, the highways. Finally, it analyzes the development process of the Cerro Azul micro-region, the municipalities of Cerro Azul and Doutor Ulysses between the second half of the 19th century and the first decades of the 21st century. In order to answer the questions posed in the central question and the specific objectives, we used data from research institutes that monitor human, social and economic issues in the municipalities analyzed, as well as historical sources, including official documents, journalistic sources and the collection of a local memorialist/researcher. The analysis of this material consists of the dialectical relationship that the group of people have with their space, the relationships they build and the actions of government bodies. Fieldwork was also carried out in order to experience and understand the reality of the region. This amount of data is the basis for the reflections presented throughout the text. Starting from an understanding of the central question, Engineering Systems are engineering works that are placed in space with the aim of altering the dynamics of a given territorial area. Their contribution can be more or less important, depending on how they are used. The Cerro Azul micro-region, made up of the municipalities of Adrianópolis, Cerro Azul and Doutor Ulysses, component municipalities of the Vale do Ribeira region, for many years (and to this day) had no connection with the trade networks of the state of Paraná due to the lack of a road structure. The region's historical-geographical, political and economic construction has had a decisive impact on the current conditions of these municipalities, especially those that refer to the former Assunguy colony (Cerro Azul and Doutor Ulysses). Understanding the current condition of the municipalities of Cerro Azul and Doutor Ulysses is a response to the process of actions and conditions that have been unleashed over time and which have determined the current reality. The lack of proper planning, coupled with various personal and political interests, considerably increased the difficulties for agricultural development and economic growth in the colonial nucleus of Assunguy. The region's geographical conditions also contributed significantly to some of the decisions made, from the choice of a fertile area for production to the intention to emancipate the nucleus in order to avoid costs. It is possible to say that the remaining municipalities of the former Assunguy colony have an internal coherence, are internally homogeneous and heterogeneous in relation to their surroundings. The municipality of Adrianópolis was set apart from the others by the implementation of a fixed demand generator that could feed the economic flow on the engineering system that had already been implemented. Engineering systems are components of regional development, but they can't act alone - they are fixed assets that depend on other fixed assets that generate demand. Above all, the whole process of understanding and analyzing the construction of the municipalities of Cerro Azul and Doutor Ulysses shows that for a region to develop, planning is necessary.