Imobilização de catalisadores em membranas de acetato de celulose proveniente de filtros de cigarro para degradação de corantes

Abstract

The use of solid residues as a support material for catalysts used in heterogeneous photo-Fenton and photocatalysis processes is a very promising process. Thus, the process becomes environmentally sustainable and emerges as a new alternative for wastewater treatment. In this study, cigarette filters were used for the first time to synthesize a modified membrane with different catalysts, for example, a membrane with Fe3+ ions and another with immobilized TiO2. The main objective was to evaluate the photocatalytic capacity of membranes modified with immobilized Fe and TiO2 that participate in heterogeneous processes responsible for degrading the azo dye Reactive Black 5(PR-5) at neutral pH. AAS, DRX, DRS, SEM-EDS, and FTIR techniques were used for material characterization, revealing the presence of photocatalysts in the modified membrane. A factorial design of experiment 23 was used to optimize the photo-Fenton process, and a Doehlert matrix was applied for the photocatalysis process. The results of the photo-Fenton process showed an 86% degradation of the chromophore group. Furthermore, ecotoxicity studies using Lactuca sativa and Daphnia Magna showed that the effluent is not toxic for the photo-Fenton process after treatment. Furthermore, in heterogeneous photocatalysis, the color degradation of the PR-5 dye after 30 minutes was 89%. Thus, these results show that the membrane with immobilized Fe and TiO2 is very promising for application in the degradation of textile dyes at neutral and environmentally sustainable pH, given the use of a residue for film production.