Ditadura brasileira: os usos da história na construção de narrativas antidemocráticas nas postagens em grupos do facebook: desafios para o ensino

Abstract

This work aims to analyze posts published on the Facebook platform that highlight the period of the military dictatorship in Brazil, or even that aspire to military intervention today. For this, after scanning the platform, two private groups and one public group were selected, consisting of possible supporters of former President Jair Bolsonaro. Throughout the analyses, one of the private groups had its profile excluded, demonstrating the fragility of the sources, leaving only a public and a private group, of which part of their publications were analyzed here. The selection of groups took place based on four criteria, namely: i) creation of the profile in 2018; ii) publications with evidence of support for former President Jair Bolsonaro; iii) more than fifty thousand members; and, iv) has daily publications. The objective of the research is, therefore, to find out which elements of historical culture and how they are produced and mobilized in these groups, whose narratives yearn for military intervention. As for the approach, it is a qualitative-quantitative research, and the methodology adopted is based on netnography studies, whose theoretical support includes the studies of Robert V. Kozinets, Paula J. Rocha, Sandra P. Montardo, Mario Novieli, among others. In order to avoid possible interferences in the behavior of the group members, the researcher adopted the lurker posture, that is, the one who only observes the behavior of others. The results show that despite having a large number of members, few profiles mobilize the network; moreover, there is an absence of historical arguments to defend calls for military intervention in the comments. When we analyzed the texts, two categories stood out: nationalism and anti-politics; nationalism takes place through the exaltation of the military to the detriment of democracy justified by anticommunism, and antipolitics presents aspects of the political culture of subjection to justify the suppression of the participating political culture. In general, the authoritarian historical culture defended by the group's members underpins the political culture of subjection.