DIAGNÓSTICO DA FRAGILIDADE AMBIENTAL EM RELAÇÃO ÀS ESTRADAS NO PARQUE NACIONAL DOS CAMPOS GERAIS, PARANÁ, APLICANDO ANÁLISE MULTICRITÉRIO

Abstract

The National Park of Campos Gerais (PNCG) is an important conservation unit, however it still have some difficulties towards its implementation and the achievement of its main goal, conservation. In this study we use Multicriteria Analysis to identify critical areas in PNCG considering the impacts of road lateral flux upon natural areas. It was applied buffer analysis, Multicriteria Analysis for AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process) and map algebra to generate PNCG fragility cartograms related to geology, soils, slope, land use and occupation and roads distance. Comparing the fragility maps classified by bolean logic, some areas presented values very close to the class limits, so the classification was somehow far from the field veracity. As consequence, it was used fuzzy logic that showed better the class intervals, although limiting the data quantification. As results, it was observed that the most fragile areas are mainly under Furnas Formation and Recent Sediments, associated to fragile soils, higher slopes, and land use that are unsuitable for conservation. There are roads and rivers interceptions in very fragile areas, this spatial pattern could lead to fragmentation and habitat disturbances. Related to roads, the most fragile areas are close to tourist attractions inside the park as São Jorge River, Mariquinha Waterfall, “Buraco do Padre” Cave. This areas demand priority actions from the park managers so the flow intensity and bad use can origin and accelerate erosion processes, affecting geo and biodiversity.