Mulheres pobres e trabalhadoras de Curitiba, o crime de homicídio e as tramas da justiça no início da Primeira República

Abstract

The research presented to the Master's Program in History, Culture and Identities of the Ponta Grossa State University - UEPG aims to propose reflections on the history of poor and working women in Curitiba, accused or suspected of homicide, from their relations with other women and men verified from complex exchanges between different social groups during the First Republic, constituting as a small contribution to the studies on the social history of women considering their relational character, as well as the sexual and cultural differences present in the institutions and power relations. Perspectives built considering the concept of gender as a sociocultural construction that gives meaning to the meaning of being a woman and a man in a given society. This research was carried out based on the selection of court documents that bring women accused or suspected of homicide crimes to victims of intimate contact, such as: liaison (verified in the case of Maria Baptista da Silva and Felix Ferreira Lima), (relationship established between Catharina and Ferdinando Franholz, and also between the Polish Victoria and Pedro Bittencourt) and son (relation existing between Pedro and Delfina Bittencourt). The sources consulted are filed in the Justice Museum of the State of Paraná, an institution linked to the State Court of Justice. To analyze the data extracted from the aforementioned criminal documentation, the qualitative, non-statistical method was used to analyze the ways of living, loving, and working women accused of crime, constituted through their struggles between relationships of power, seeking to uncover the influence of sexual roles within a procedural dynamic established through rites that reveal the existence of several actors and their contributions to the attempt to establish standards of normalization (normatization) through the control that the judicial institution exercises on individuals, mainly considering their effects on women. As a theoretical reference, the following authors were used: Mariza Corrêa, Sidney Chalhoub, Etelvina de Castro Trindade, Rachel Soihet, Joanna Maria Pedro, Mariza Izilda Santos de Matos, Norbert Elias, Carlo Ginzburg, Edward Palmer Thompson, Joan Wallach Scott, among many others theoretical references that presented fundamental contributions to understand essential concepts for the development of this research such as: history of women, gender, work, culture and their different perspectives.