Vulnerabilidade social e risco socioambiental no território: uma análise a partir dos Centros de Referência de Assistência Social em Ponta Grossa/PR

Abstract

Over the years, the relationship between human beings and the environment has become increasingly complex, since both of them interfere and suffer mutual interference. In the capitalist society, which we are inserted, such a relationship becomes more evident with the modernization of society, since the environment’s exploitation grows and its impacts are diverse, felt by the entire population, to a greater or lesser degree, as in the case of floods, landslides, storms, among others. What happens is that, for one way, there are the subjects who have resources to overcome possible emergency situations that may occur, and, for the other, those who, sometimes, are already in a situation of social vulnerability and/or environmental risk, making it more difficult to overcome certain issues. Furthermore, the consequences of these impacts can aggravate the condition experienced. Among the situations of vulnerability and risk present, there are houses close to streams or steep slopes, the incorrectly disposed of garbage, the lack of basic sanitation, the difficulty of accessing the labor market, among other issues experienced in the territory by the population. From this perspective, a strategy for minimizing this condition is public policy. This way, this work aims to understand the social vulnerability and socio-environmental risk in the territory from the perspective of the Basic Social Protection of the Social Assistance Policy in the city of Ponta Grossa - PR. For that, a mixed nature exploratory research was used. The research methods were bibliographic and documentary, semi-structured interviews applied to professionals who make up the municipal Social Assistance Policy, thematic maps elaborated from the collected data and content analysis. The research is divided into three chapters, the first being focused on the relationship between human beings and the environment, such as the issue of vulnerability and risk; the second, in public and social policies, especially in the Social Assistance Policy; and the third, focused on an approximation with the concrete reality of the city of Ponta Grossa and how Basic Social Protection is organized, encompassing situations of vulnerability and the risk in its execution. From the executed analysis, it is possible to identify how social vulnerability and social environmental risk are arranged in the territory and how the Social Assistance Policy covers these demands in the execution of its actions, identifying, with it, the provision of service’s potentials and difficulties to the population attendance, and the need for a management decision, in all its spheres, in the investment and proposing interventions which attends the demands of the territory for over the specific actions.