Avaliação da deposição óssea frente a diferentes tipos de enxertia com biomateriais em defeito crítico em calota craniana de animais

Abstract

Oral health is a fundamental part of general health and directly contributes to the patient's quality of life. Although edentulism is not life threatening, it has a relevant impact on the individual's well-being. In order to maintain the health of patients who have suffered tooth loss, it is the responsibility of the dental surgeon to care for the conservation of remaining bone structures, so that they support prosthetic rehabilitation. Although this tissue has repair and regenerative capacity, there are clinical situations such as tooth absence for prolonged periods, trauma and tumor resections, in which these natural bone processes require the use of bone substitutes/bone regeneration materials. The use of biomaterials has been widely used for the rehabilitation of bone defects of great extension, and the choice of this one depends on its biocompatibility, biodegradability and degradation rate, as well as other important factors for the success of regeneration. Considering the relevance of the applicability of autogenous, xenogeneic and alloplastic grafts in grafting procedures, the aim of these studies was to evaluate the repair process in the presence of different types of biomaterials, at different surgical times, in critical bone defects in rat and rat calvaria. rabbits. Being the first experiment described, the comparison between xenogenous biomaterial and alloplastic biomaterial. The second, to present different possibilities of fixation of autogenous grafts. The third presents the use of xenogeneic biomaterial associated with collagen membranes, as a possibility of guided bone regeneration. These researches aim to seek answers to the different characteristics of biomaterials and how they behave when placed in critical defects in the receptor, and to present favorable prognosis to provide quality of life to patients.