Efeito da suplementação de vitamina D3 associada ao exercício físico na obesidade em animais submetidos a uma dieta hipercalórica

Abstract

Introduction: Obesity is characterized by the excessive accumulation of adipose tissue due to several factors, such as inactivity and excess of foods rich in simple carbohydrates, lipids and sugars. In addition, obesity is related to low levels of vitamin D OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of the association between vitamin D3 supplementation and the regular practice of physical activity in obese rats obtained by eating a cafeteria diet. Materials and methods: At 21 days of age, rats of the Wistar lineage were assigned by the Central Biotério and placed in boxes in a number of 3 animals in each cage. Thus, they were randomly divided into 8 groups. One group was designated as CONTROL these animals received commercial feed, another group was designated as obese throughout the experimental period received hypercaloric diet (cola, snacks, crackers and others). The diet offered was arranged ad limbitum during the whole life of the animals that was 90 days of life. The animals were separated in sedentary and exercised animals. Animals of the EXE group performed physical exercise from 21 days to 90 days, the other animals of the SED group did not participate in this therapeutic intervention. Physical exercise was aerobic swimming in concrete aquarium, performed 3 times a week for 15 minutes. Still, these groups were subdivided into two other groups: Animals that received supplementation with Vitamin D (VIT D3 +) and not supplemented (VIT D3 -) by means of the gavage method from 60 days to 90 days of life of the animals. At 91 days of age the animals were euthanized, the blood collected was analyzed in order to investigate biochemical parameters, as well as complementary analyzes such as calcium, leptin and TNF-α. Results: It is verified in the study that the vitamin has actions in the metabolism of obese animals. The sedentary obese group obtained improvements in the morphometric parameters, being these, reduction of the final body weight, Lee index and fat stocks. In the metabolic table, improvement was also observed in the glycemia, triglycerides and cholesterol parameters in the animals treated with vitamin D3 supplementation, as well as in animals submitted to physical exercise. It was found in the exercise group associated with vitamin D3 supplementation, reduction of the inflammatory and lipid profile, elucidating the performance of vitamin D3. Conclusion: Through this study we understand that in fact vitamin D has an important role during the state of installation and progression of obesity. Animals that obtained supplementation showed results of stagnation of the disease, resulting in improvements in the metabolic and inflammatory profile. The exercise when combined with vitamin D3 indicates a synergistic effect, characterizing an important finding in the literature.