Regularização Fundiária urbana nos municípios da região de Ponta Grossa: uma avaliação da eficácia da implementação da Lei 13.465/2017

Abstract

This dissertation addresses the right to housing in Brazil, with an emphasis on the role of the State in addressing housing inequalities. The main focus is on urban land inad equacy, a social problem that generates legal uncertainty by hindering the full exercise of the right to housing and access to public policies aimed at improving housing con ditions, due to the lack of property titles or legally recognized possession by the resi dents of a home. The study also addresses public policies aimed at combating housing inadequacy, with an emphasis on urban land regularization as an instrument that brings together legal, urban, environmental and social measures aimed at regularizing irreg ular settlements. The main objective of this research is to analyze the effectiveness of the national urban land regularization program established in 2017 in the Ponta Grossa region, in the state of Paraná, using as indicators for measuring adherence by munic ipalities the adequacy of local regulations and the implementation of programs estab lished based on the precepts of Federal Law No. 13,465/2017. The work begins with a contextualization of the right to housing within the scope of human rights, its concept and scope, followed by a brief portrait of the Brazilian housing crisis, with emphasis on urban land inadequacy. Next, the role of the State in tackling the housing problem through social public policies is discussed, with special attention to the need for con stant evaluation of the actions implemented, and to urban land regularization pro grams, from the emergence and evolution of this institute in the Brazilian legal system to the current national policy established by Law No. 13,465/2017. The study delves deeper into an assessment of the effectiveness of the urban land regularization pro gram in the Ponta Grossa region, by collecting data on the participation of municipal entities, to verify any impacts on the regularization of properties and the contribution to improving housing conditions in the region. The research has a qualitative approach, with the adoption of quantitative techniques to organize data after collection and pro cessing. The methodology adopted combines bibliographic and documentary research with semi-structured interviews, in order to provide a critical analysis of the data col lected and the practices adopted in urban land regularization. The results obtained indicate that the implementation of Federal Law No. 13,465/2017 in the municipalities of the Ponta Grossa region has low effectiveness, since 27.77% of the entities sur veyed were able to prepare and begin executing projects after adapting to local regu lations, while only 11.11% achieved the completion of these programs. The data ob tained demonstrate that although the program has made significant progress in formal izing irregular urban areas, challenges still persist that require greater technical and financial support from state and federal governments, in addition to strategic planning that is attentive to local housing particularities in order to achieve the primary objective of promoting the right to adequate housing.