Efeitos da administração de liraglutida em ratos obesos sedentários e exercitados

Abstract

Liraglutide is an analog of the Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), already commercially used for the treatment of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, which also shows results in the reduction of food intake and consequent reduction of body weight. The association of physical exercise with liraglutide may be an important means of controlling lipid metabolism and, occasionally, the treatment of metabolic disorders such as obesity. The objective of our study was to evaluate the effect of liraglutide, GLP-1 analog associated with physical exercise on metabolic, biochemical and anthropometric parameters of normal and obese rats, induced by the cafeteria diet. The experiment started at the 21 days of life of the animals, which these divided into eight groups: Four controls (CON) receiving standard chow and water ad libitum; four obese (OBESO) receiving the cafeteria diet ad libitum, added to the standard diet. The animals were further subdivided into (CON LIRA and OBESO LIRA) receiving subcutaneous injections of liraglutide from 80 to 90 days of life; (CON EXE LIRA and OBESO EXE LIRA) with intervention of liraglutide and submitted to swimming for 15 minutes, three days a week and (CON EXE and OBESO EXE) only with physical exercise intervention. The results of obese animals show that liraglutide reduced only food intake at the end of experiment. The physical exercise show better results in the reduction of the mesenteric, epididymal, retroperitoneal fat pad, circulating levels of glucose, Lee index, weight gain from 80-90 days of life and increased adrenal gland weight in obese animals, in control animals reduced the weight of the pancreas, Lee index and total cholesterol. The association of exercise with liraglutide show better results in reducing body weight at the end of the experiment, food intake of the 80-90 days of life, liver weight, circulating levels of triglycerides and insulin, HOMA-IR index, in obese animals, but increased the TNF-α in obese and control animals. We conclude that the intervention with physical exercise was effective in reducing some parameters related to the development of obesity, but its association with liraglutide for 10 days show that better results in reducing body weight, food intake and biochemical parameters in obese animals obtained by cafeteria diet.