Efeitos hemodinâmicos pós-exercícios de uma sessão de caminhada com e sem oclusão vascular

Abstract

Regular physical activity can be beneficial in prevention and treatment of hypertension. One of the benefits of physical activity is the hypotension, characterized by a reduction in blood pressure during the recovery period, maintaining blood pressure levels below pre-exercise levels, which can be verified chronically through a program of physical exercise, or acutely, called post-exercise hypotension. Even though it is widely studied and besides the existence of a consensus about the hypotensive effect caused by physical activity, it is still not clear in the literature which is the best exercise, duration and intensity that would cause a hypotensive effect of greater magnitude and duration, especially in relation to Kaatsu training, that combines exercises of low intensity with vascular occlusion. Therefore, the objective of the present study was to analyze the blood pressure behavior after a low intensity walking session with and without vascular occlusion. Thirteen subjects, aged = 47.0 ± 4.7 years, systolic blood pressure = 129.1 ± 9.4 mmHg, diastolic blood pressure = 80.3 ± 7.4 mmHg, body mass index = 27.92 ± 3.28 kg/m2 , took part of the study. The participants undertook 5 sessions of evaluations: 1) heart rate (HR) and heart rate variability (HRV) at rest, percentage of occlusions determination, anthropometric evaluation and incremental test, for determination of maximum aerobic velocity, 2) control session to analyze blood pressure without physical exercise (C), 3) walking session without vascular occlusion (SO), 4) walking session at 80% of the total occlusion of the tibial artery (OV), 5) intermittent walking session combined with occlusion at 80% of the total occlusion. Sessions 2, 3, 4 and 5 occurred randomly. Post-exercise hypotension (PEH) was observed only at 45 min of the CONTI session (PAS = -2.91 ± 4.19 mmHg) (p <0.05) and HPE at moments 15, 30, 45 and 60 min of the IN session, and the highest magnitude EPH was observed for 15 min (SBP = -5.34 ± 3.89 mmHg) (p <0.05). However, when analyzed the HRV, it was observed an increase in the sympathetic activity and a reduction of the parasympathetic activity (p <0.05), mainly of the 10 min of recovery when compared C vs SO vs CONTI vs IN - RMSSD (C 23,71 ± 7,17 vs SO 17,31 ± 6,50 vs CONTI 13,92 ± 6,13 vs IN 10,97 ± 6,92). The results demonstrated that a low-intensity walking session combined with vascular occlusion caused postexercise hypotension, however, with a reduced vagal activity and increased sympathetic activity shortl y after exercise.