Avaliação “in vitro”da resistência da união de sistemas adesivos autocondicionantes aplicados sobre dentina superficial e profunda

Abstract

The objective of this study was to evaluate the bond strength of three adhesives systems to superficial and deep dentine using microtensile test. Thirty human third molars were cleaned of gross debris and the occlusal enamel was removed to expose a flat surface of superficial or deep dentin. In order to create a standardized smear layer dentinal surfaces were wet-abraded with 600-grit silicon carbide paper for 60 seconds. For each type of surface, the test specimens were randomly divided into three groups which underwent the application of a conventional two-step adhesive system [Adper Single Bond (SB), 3M/ESPE] as control group (n=10), a twobottle self-etching system [One Coat SE Bond (OCSE), Coltène/Whaledent] (n=10) and a one bottle one-step system [Clearfil S3 Bond (CFS3), Kuraray Co.] (n=10). After each adhesive was utilized according to the manufacturer´s instructions, a 5-mm high resin “crown” was built-up with resin composite Filtek Z-250 (3M/ESPE). The bonded test specimens were stored in distilled water for twenty-four hours before been longitudinally sectioned to obtain stick-shaped specimens with a cross-sectional area of 0,7 mm², which were submitted to bond strength test (0,5mm/min). After, some fractured specimens for each adhesive were randomly selected and the dentin side was gently abraded with a 1200-grit SiC paper, etched with acid phosphoric 35% for 15 s and air dried. SEM micrographs at 70X and 2400X magnification were taken to permit calculation of area of tubular dentin (ATD) and tubular density (TD) at the site of fracture. ANOVA two-ways (dentin depth-adhesive) and linear regression were performed to correlate ATD and TD with bond strength. OCSE (29,20±2,68) and CFS3 (32,27±3,78) presented similar bond strength, nevertheless the values were significantly lower than SB (54,53±1,66), irrespective of dentin depth. Linear regression showed significantly relationship between bond strength and area of intertubular dentin for SB (p=0,004), and a significant inverse relationship between tubular density and bond strength for CFS3 (p=0,009). OCSE presented a tendency similar to SB and conversely to CFS3, but it was not statistically significant. It was demonstrated that the bond strength of the conventional two-step adhesive system was significantly higher than self-etching adhesives. The use of digital image analysis facilitate the manipulation of data and a better interpretation of new adhesive systems behavior.