Aderência de Escherichia coli em discos de titânio submetidos a diferentes tratamentos de superfície antes e após escovação simulada

Abstract

This in vitro study evaluated the microbial adhesion on titanium discs subjected to different surface treatments before and after simulated toothbrushing procedures. Methods: Group 1: smooth titanium disks (Li) (n = 21); Group 2: titanium discs submitted to blasting by acid etching (Jat) (n = 21); Group 3: Titanium discs submitted to anodic oxidation (OA) (n = 21); Group 4: Titanium discs submitted to blasting followed by acid etching and anodic oxidation (JT) (n = 21). Initial characterization: Atomic force microscopy (surface roughness) (AFM), Vickers Microhardness (VM), field emission scanning electron microscope (FEG). These analysis were performed at different stages - FI: initial characterization; FII: After biofilm formation; FIII: after brushing; FIV: after brushing and biofilm formation.The specimens treated by anodic oxidation have been obtained by a system consisting of programmable source DC 600 V 8 A, microcomputer control, oscilloscope and electrolytic tank. Analysis of microorganisms adhesion before and after simulated toothbrushing: spectrophotometer and counting of UFC / mL. New evaluation: VM; AFM FEG- qualitative evaluation of E. coli adhesion AFM, MV and FEG analysis were performed before and after the biofilm formation and the simulated toothbrushing procedures. Statistical analysis were performed using ANOVA and posttest of Tukey (α = 0.05) for the data considered normal, and the Kruskal Wallis test (α = 0.05) was used for the data that did not show normality. The results showed biofilm formation in all groups evaluated, however a small decrease in adherence of E. coli was observed after conductingsimulated toothbrushing. Statistically significant differences were found between: the group Li (FII) and the groups Jat and JT (FII); the groups Jat and JT (FII) and the group Li (FIV); the group Li (FIV) and the groups JT (FII) and OA (FIV). The analysis MV did not showed statistically significant differences between groups in different phases of the study. Regarding the surface roughness, the discs treated by blasting followed by acid attacks had become more wrinkled. We conclude that, the sandblasted disc presented greater adherence of microorganisms when compared to other evaluated discs. Although the flat discs have had less accumulation of E.coli, the images in FEG showed agglomerations suggesting the presence of biofilm formation. Differently, the disks treated bacteria performed more isolated. The roughness influenced the amount of microorganisms adhered to the discs. The surface treatment by anodic oxidation demonstrated small bacterial adhesion.