A IMPORTÂNCIA DOS SISTEMAS LINEARES NO ENSINO MÉDIO E A CONTRIBUIÇÃO PARA A MATEMÁTICA E SUAS APLICAÇÕES

Abstract

This work aims to show the importance of the study of linear systems in High School.Therefore, we surveyed prevous works that were already expressing concern with this order. We studied the historical emergence of linear systems in the development of mathematics, the definition and concepts in textbooks for High School and also in the literature of Numerical Calculus and Linear Algebra. There was a survey of methods for solving linear systems, stood out Gaussian elimination in direct methods and the methods of Jacobi and Gauss-Seidel between the iterative. Reflect the conditioning of linear systems and approximation of solution for incompatible systems that are usually not covered in the classroom and have great practical utility in applications. Observe curriculum guidelines on the topic confronting the approach of textbooks. It was found that the literature limits the content of safe handling Algebraic and does not offer diverse activities with use of computer resources and examples depth and clarifying consistent with the importance of the content. Shows an approach of linear systems that interrelates the content of linear systems with Analytic Geometry so offer to pupils able to visualize the behavior of solutions geometrically systems and thereby improve the understanding by different content representations semiotic. Similarly,applications of the content exposed at work, contributing to exemplify the use of linear systems in many areas of engineering, economics, biology, among others. We suggest the use of computational resources in mathematics lessons for reducing the time spent in algebraic manipulation teachers can deepen the concepts involved and seek larger systems that increase the prospect of working with linear systems, and motivate students find more meaning in their study and update. The work includes software GeoGebra, Winplot and Maxima, all free and disclosure applicable to the content of linear systems. Thus, from the reflections on the theme, are suggestions of issues and enriching to help overcome the shallowness of current approaches and offers alternatives to this.