A garantia do direito à saúde da criança autista no município de Ponta Grossa/Paraná: da proteção social tradicional à emergência de uma proteção social pública estatal

Abstract

This study seeks to research the guarantee of the right to health of the autistic child that attends the Association for Autistic Persons’ Protection (APROAUT), to promote that group’s social protection, specifically in Ponta Grossa, in the state of Paraná. This discussion is necessary in lieu of the recent legislative practice that imposes basic rights that need to be guarantee to this specific vulnerable group of people. In this regard, this research analyzes the right of health specifically. Its main objective is to understand how the guarantee of the right of health to the autistic child that attends PROAUT works, taking the perspective of the family of the child and the professionals of the Association. This is an interdisciplinary research, of qualitative nature, developed through the analysis of a case study. For this purpose, the research was divided into bibliographical and literature research and then, for the final part, a field research was conducted. The subject of the research is the representatives of the children’s families who attend the institution, as well as its working professionals. As an instrument of data gathering a form was applied to guide a semi-structured interview. Lastly, a content analysis was used to promote the evaluation of the collected data. The first chapter intends to analyze the birth of the Welfare State, specifically related to the Brazilian background, as well as the way social protection became a historical process in the country. Afterwards, the establishment of the process of the effectiveness of the fundamental right of health of autistic people in Brazil is presented. The second chapter seeks to outline considerations and thoughts about the social and historical construction of the concept of autism, also introducing accurate data of Brazil’s context and the country’s current legislation. Subsequently, a picture of the Association (APROAUT) is drawn as a protagonist of the protection of the autistic child in Ponta Grossa; by the end of this second chapter, a link is made between the needs of the autistic child and the Bio ecological Theory of human development. The third chapter, of empirical nature, to conclude, indicates the categorization of the collected data from the conducted interviews of children’s families and professionals of the Association, applying the Bio ecological Theory of human development as the theoretical basis for the analysis. For this purpose, the many systems of the theoretical structure of the guarantee of the right of health by APROAUT were interlinked with the setting of the social protection, whether in traditional or in governmental form, reaching the first conclusion that the State outsources its own obligations, delegating social protection matters to Third Sector organizations.