O sindicalismo docente nas Universidades Estaduais do Paraná: uma análise do período 2011-2018

Abstract

The research presented here proposes to discuss the teaching unionism of higher education. Its object of study is to analyze the teacher unionism of the State Institutions of Higher Education of Paraná (SIHE/PR), against the backdrop of the period that includes the administrations of Governor Beto Richa (2011 to 2018). The theme of unionism, widely debated in the scope of the sociology of work, presents some quantitative production limitations when focused on the teaching unionism of higher education. In this sense, this research is justified and demonstrates its originality due to the scarcity of research at the academic level that analyzes the particularities of this unionism, even more if problematized within the context of the state universities of Paraná. The public higher education in Paraná is configured by the internalization of teaching and it currently has seven state universities, all of them have teachers' unions (union sections) installed and in full operation. The research had a scope within this universe of the teaching unionism of SIHE/PR, delimited temporally, especially, by the period of the administration of Governor Beto Richa (Brazilian Social Democracy Party), when antagonisms and tensions between this unionism and the state government intensify through the form of its management with the civil service and the state higher education. Thus, as a general objective, the research focuses on analyzing the teaching unionism of SIHE/PR, focusing on the tensions and antagonisms with the state government in the period between 2011 and 2018. The hypothesis built is that the mobilizations and the strategies of political/legal action of the teaching unions of the SIHE/PR were fundamental to prevent the loss of rights of the category in the period from 2011 to 2018. As methodological instruments, the bibliographic review and documental and field research were elected. For this empirical incursion into the field, the main data collection tool was documental research through access to a set of documental sources that best help to characterize and analyze the moment in question, with the objectives of this study as a guide. Complementing this incursion into the field, oral history was used by means of qualitative interviews with professors who experienced the teaching unionism in the SIHE/PR. Among the findings of this study, we can highlight the unveiling of the main elements that demanded the mobilization of these unions in the period: the non-fulfillment of the annual salary replacement foreseen by law and the social security reform of the state employees; it was also verified different forms of interference of the Executive Power with the university autonomy that had repercussions, among other aspects, in attacks to the main political agendas of these teaching unions. Finally, it is emphasized that the strike was an important strategy for union mobilization, but it was not the only one.