O sistema educacional no Haiti: desafios para o acesso e o direito à educação pública

Abstract

The object of this research is the Haitian educational system, particularly primary education, based on the principle of an elementary school accessible to all. It aims to understand how the financing of the Haitian educational system, through the National Education Fund (FNE), has impacted the access and permanence rates of elementary school students (6 to 14 years old). The research is qualitative, carried out through a literature and document review to support the study based on theoretical contributions related to the educational system. The methodological procedure used was documentary research with the use of primary and secondary sources - documents of the Haitian government, such as legislation and data related to education in the period from 2010 to 2016. The study was conducted by searching for information recorded in the computer department of "Nouvelliste" and in the alternative Haitian information network (AlterPresse). The theoretical framework is supported by authors who discuss the educational system, such as: Dermeval Saviani (2017, 2018); the influence of international organizations on educational policies and financing of education, Louis-Auguste Joint (2008); Pierre Delima (2012) and Iv Dejean (2013. Through the data it is possible to infer that in Haiti, through the mismanagement of educational policies that do not take into account the reality of the poor and working population and the financing of private establishments by the State, international organizations reflect the inequalities of opportunities for all children in access to education. Private schools with exorbitant tuition fees are an imperative setback that has harmful effects on the possibility of reaching the basic level of schooling. There is an economic barrier that is increasingly difficult to overcome for more people, not only from low-income families, but also from middle-income families.