BIODECOMPOSIÇÃO DE RESÍDUOS ORGÂNICOS DOMÉSTICOS EM REATOR FECHADO E CARACTERIZAÇÃO DO COMPOSTO OBTIDO POR TÉCNICAS CONVENCIONAIS E ESPECTROSCÓPICAS

Abstract

This work aims to study the process of bio-decomposition of organic household waste in closed reactors type "BIOLAR" and characterize the compound obtained using conventional methods and spectroscopic techniques. In this perspective were made two bio-decomposer, inside which are placed daily household waste organic packed with sawdust in a volume of 17% and 52% respectively. To monitor the process and characterization of the compound were obtained from measurements of temperature, elemental analysis, pH, ash content, cation exchange capacity and spectroscopic analysis of UV / Vis, IR and NMR of 13C. Higher temperatures at the top showed a higher biological activity in the upper layers, where contact with the air enabled the aerobic degradation, with a stabilization stronger. Changes in pH had a more acid in the lower regions, where there should be a process of anaerobic degradation. The C / N ratio showed greater stability in a bio-decomposer 1, where the waste is packed with 17% sawdust, but it was not a reliable parameter to indicate the end of the process, as shown by the results of other analyzes. According to the results of the ash content, UV-Vis, NMR of 13C and IR, the process of biodecomposition was more effective in a bio-decomposer 1. It can be concluded that there were finally bio-decomposition processes of aerobic and anaerobic associated promoting stabilization or humification of organic matter in both bio-decomposer. However, the compound obtained in a bio-decomposer 1 obtained a degree of maturation and stabilization higher, with the most suitable conditions to be used as fertilizer.