ANTOCIANINAS DE AMORA BRAZO: EXTRAÇÃO, ESTABILIDADE E COPIGMENTAÇ

Abstract

Anthocyanins are natural colorants that provide attractive and bright colors to most plants, coloring them the bright red to violet. Due to its instability facing the food processing steps and their difficulty of extraction are still little used in the food industry. Flavonoids not anthocyanins, amino acids, nucleosides, organic acids and anthocyanins themselves may act as copigments enabling the anthocyanins as natural colorants. The objective was to evaluate the approximate composition, phenolic compounds, antioxidant activity of blackberries Brazo (Morus nigra L.) and the stability of anthocyanins. The effect of the addition of organic acids and polyphenolic extract of Camellia sinensis raw extract of blackberries anthocyanins as copigments. The copigmentation reaction buffer at pH 3.0, was confirmed by UV-Visible absorption and by high high-performance liquid chromatography analysis. The calculated half-life and the color retention percentage. The response surface methodology was effective to estimate the effect of three independent variables on anthocyanins extraction, the optimal values suggested for the extraction with citric acid were time of 60 min., ratio of 1 g / 30 mL and a temperature of 60 ºC and the extraction with hydrochloric acid have been suggested the same conditions of time and ratio, but at 20 ° C. The increase in relation copigmento / anthocyanins was evidenced by the bathochromic and hyperchromic effects. The interaction of anthocyanins was significantly affected by temperature (5 ± 3 ° C and 25 ± 3 ° C) and the environment (light and dark). The stability of anthocyanins with added copigmento increased half-life and the color retention percentage of sample. Maximum stability was achieved in samples with the addition of caffeic acid at a temperature of 5 ° C ± 3 ° C in the dark. Anthocyanins added caffeic acid and malic showed half-life of 242.40 ± 25.40 and 200.48 ± 12.15 days, respectively, bringing prospects for application of this natural dye.