A proposta do modelo gravitacional na regionalização econômica do Estado do Paraná

Abstract

This thesis proposes the application of the gravitational model in the form of economic regionalization in the state of Paraná. Seeks to challenge the traditional regional division, established by IBGE on a micro-regional scale and to understand whether there is a limitation in the way of highlighting and differentiating the regions that present greater dynamism and economic development strategies. This research applied the methodology of gravitational modeling to define the areas of influence in the urban centers that stand out most in the economy of Paraná. The gravitational modeling was adapted from the methodology presented by David L. Huff (1964) and based on the theory of action and reaction between two bodies by the distance between them, that is, in Newton's 3rd law, the Law of Universal Gravitation. The Gross Added Values of the sectors that make up the Municipal GDP between 2010 and 2016 were used as gravitational mass, as well as the difference between the sum of the GVA used and the Municipal GDP of that period, not including taxes and fees. The application of gravitational modeling resulted in 08 Economic Mesopolos and 28 Economic Micropolos. From these results, the regionalizations established by the economic interrelations between the municipalities and which produce polarized regions in the Paraná territory were analyzed, in the light of the Theory of Growth Poles of François Perroux (1967; 1977) and the Theory of Places Walter Christaller plants (1966). It was observed that the main urban centers, called poles, produce areas of influence over the most dynamic, nearby municipalities and of direct access by highways. In this study, it was found that federal, state and municipal highways should be considered the main factor for integrating municipalities.