A alienação nas pesquisas em educação e em política educacional no Brasil: uma análise a partir de teses e dissertações (2008-2018)

Abstract

The research had the general objective analyze how the alienation problematics is approached in the research in the field of Education in Brazil, in view of works linked to research lines of Educational Politic. The specific objectives were: to examine theses and dissertations on the Education area, especially those that fall within lines of research on Educational Politic, which addressed the issue of alienation in the last ten years (2008-2018); identify from which theorical-methodological perspective the concept alienation is approached in the selected researches; indicated the ontological and historical foundation of alienation and its relationship with the educative activity and with the politics. Thus, our work was constituted as a research research or a metaresearch. The data were collected from the bank of theses and dissertations of the Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES), using as descriptor “alienation”, filtering from the year of conclusion (2008 – 2018) and research belonging to Programs of Post-Graduation in Education. The theorical-methodological framework adopted in the discussion and data analysis is the historical and dialectical materialism, that has on the work the ontological foundation of the social being and allow us comprehend the reality from its essence and concrete totality. More than this, our option by the historical and dialectical materialism is related with our understanding that is possible the construction of a society in which all forms of alienation can be overcome. The research allowed us to understand the alienation as a process of loss of control, that came as of the manner of men objectify the work in a certain historic moment and which, insofar as it is incorporated by individuals, get away of their own rational control and becomes a hostile and potentially destructive force, affecting all social relations and imposing obstacles to human-generic development. While a historic complex, the alienations, in each historic moment, vary in it form and intensity, but they always maintain a common characteristic: the exploitation of man by man, based on private property. The structural crisis of the capitalist mode of production have been increased the level of alienations, producing inhumanities that put into play the continuity of human gender. The analysis of the research data allowed us observe that the number of works in the education area, specifically those that are part of lines of research in Educational Politic, which approach the relationship between alienation and education is still very small, mainly if we consider the reflexes provoked by the alienation work in the capitalist society, including in the education and in the politic. Also allowed us identify that in the majority works analyzed, the alienation is used just like a term, have not being discussed or problematized over the research developed, which can be a reflection of a understanding about alienation grounded in the common sense.