(Des)funcionalidades em modelos de gestão territorial e seus reflexos em comunidades tradicionais e rurais da Amazônia Sul Ocidental

Abstract

Since the 1990s, systemic planning has been adopted in Amazonia and has intensified relations between physical and sociocultural aspects. Thus, Ecologic-Economic Zoning has been a major tool for the management of this region, intensifying relations between state, citizens and environment. The present thesis aims at analyzing both (dis)functionalities in territorial management models that are established by governmental institutions in Upper Acre, and its repercussions on traditional and rural communities involved. It must be highlighted that the expression “(dis)functionality” implies two systemic notions. The first, including the prefix (dis), refers to the malfunctioning of the system. The second, now without the prefix (dis), presupposes its adequate functioning. The investigated systems are models of territorial management. To operationalization of the research it was necessary to establish the temporal cut, between 1990 and 2015 and also spatial cutouts. The focus is on the municipality of Epitaciolândia in the region of Upper Acre, selecting 4 models of territorial management: The “Area of Specific Ecological Interest Seringal Nova Esperança”, the “Agroforestry Pole Epitaciolândia”, the “Agro-extractivist Settlement Project Porto Rico”, and the “Extraction Reserve Chico Mendes”. Some scientific procedures have been necessary to implement the research: review of scientific and technical production related to the research subject and the region; use of geoprocessing for the confection of maps; qualitative field research with observation in loco and semi-structured interviews. Among the observed functionalities, special attention has been given to the perseverance, in legal terms, of the applied territorial management model. Among a list of disfunctionalities, is outstanding the advancement of extensive husbandry with consequent deforestation and the change in profile of local inhabitants.